What type of cells in the nervous system are responsible for nourishing and protecting neurons?

Glial cells play a crucial role in supporting and protecting neurons in the nervous system. Unlike neurons, which are the primary cells responsible for transmitting electrical signals throughout the nervous system, glial cells serve various supportive functions that are essential for maintaining a healthy neuronal environment.

One of the key functions of glial cells is to provide metabolic support to neurons. This includes supplying nutrients and oxygen needed for neuronal activity. Glial cells also help maintain homeostasis in the extracellular environment, which is vital for proper neuronal function. Additionally, they contribute to the formation and maintenance of myelin sheaths that insulate axons, thereby enhancing signal transmission efficiency.

Furthermore, glial cells are involved in immune defense within the central nervous system, helping to protect neurons from injury and disease. They can also participate in the repair process following injury to nervous tissue.

While astrocytes, a specific type of glial cell, also perform these supportive functions, glial cells as a whole encompass various types such as oligodendrocytes, microglia, and ependymal cells, each contributing to the overall health and functionality of the nervous system in unique ways. Therefore, identifying glial cells as the category responsible for nourishing and protecting neurons highlights their fundamental role in nervous system