What part of the nervous system processes and coordinates information?

The central nervous system (CNS) is responsible for processing and coordinating information received from the body and the environment. It includes the brain and spinal cord, which serve as the main control center for the entire nervous system. The brain processes sensory information, makes decisions, and generates responses, while the spinal cord relays information between the brain and the rest of the body.

This processing involves complex functions such as cognition, emotion, sensation, and motor control. For instance, when a sensory input, like touching a hot surface, is detected, the CNS processes this information and coordinates an appropriate reaction, such as withdrawing the hand quickly to prevent injury.

In contrast, the peripheral nervous system connects the CNS to the limbs and organs but does not process information itself; it primarily transmits signals to and from the CNS. The autonomic nervous system regulates involuntary physiological functions, such as heart rate and digestion, while the somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements. Though these systems play critical roles in overall function, it is the central nervous system that is integral to the processing and coordinating of all information.