What is the resting membrane potential of a typical neuron?

The resting membrane potential of a typical neuron is approximately -70 mV. This value reflects the difference in electrical charge inside the neuron compared to the outside environment, largely due to the distribution of ions, particularly sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+), across the cell membrane.

In a neuron at rest, there are more potassium ions inside the cell and more sodium ions outside. The neuron's membrane is more permeable to potassium ions than to sodium ions, allowing potassium to flow out of the cell, which results in a negative internal charge. The operation of the sodium-potassium pump also helps maintain this potential by actively transporting sodium out and potassium into the cell.

Therefore, a resting membrane potential around -70 mV is indicative of a healthy neuron and is crucial for the generation of action potentials, which are fundamental for neuronal communication. This value is significant for understanding how neurons function and how they transmit signals.