What is the process called that involves the formation of new neurons?

The process of forming new neurons is known as neurogenesis. This phenomenon occurs primarily during early development but can also take place in certain regions of the adult brain, such as the hippocampus. Neurogenesis is crucial for various brain functions, including learning, memory, and mood regulation. It highlights the brain's ability to adapt and reorganize itself by incorporating new neuronal cells throughout an individual's life. This ability is particularly significant in understanding brain plasticity and recovery from injury or neurological disorders.

Neuroplasticity refers to the brain's capability to change and adapt in response to experience, which includes processes like strengthening or weakening synapses but does not specifically focus on the generation of new neurons. Neurotransmission involves the communication between neurons through neurotransmitters but does not pertain to the formation of new neuronal cells. Dendritic growth relates to the development of dendrites, which are the extensions of neurons that receive signals, rather than the creation of new neurons.