What is sensory adaptation?

Sensory adaptation refers to the process by which our sensitivity to a constant stimulus decreases over time. This phenomenon occurs when sensory receptors become less responsive to unchanging stimuli, allowing individuals to focus on changes in their environment rather than being overwhelmed by constant, unchanging stimuli. For example, when you first enter a room with a strong odor, the smell may be very prominent, but after a short while, you may barely notice it. This occurs because your sensory system has adjusted to the continuous presence of the smell.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately describe sensory adaptation. The ability to perceive new stimuli pertains more to sensory perception and its dynamic nature rather than the adjustment to constant stimuli. Enhancing sensory perception implies an increase in sensitivity or sharpening of senses, which is contrary to the concept of adaptation. Adapting behavior due to environmental changes reflects a broader behavioral adjustment rather than the specific physiological or sensory process of becoming less responsive to a constant stimulus.