What does the term "cognition" refer to?

Cognition refers to the mental processes that are involved in acquiring, processing, and understanding knowledge. This encompasses a wide range of functions, including perception, attention, memory, reasoning, and decision-making. When we talk about cognition, we are addressing how we think, learn, remember, and solve problems, all of which are integral to our ability to understand the world around us.

The choice that highlights these mental processes involved in knowledge and understanding accurately encapsulates the definition of cognition. In contrast, physical processes in the brain, emotional responses, and reactions to environmental changes focus on different aspects of behavior and functioning that do not fully represent the cognitive processes involved in knowledge acquisition and understanding.